POLLUTION IN INDIA: 2015

Wednesday, 16 September 2015

SOIL POLLUTION

Soil pollution comprises the pollution of soils with materials, mostly chemicals, that are out of place or are present at concentrations higher than normal which may have adverse effects on humans or other organisms. It is difficult to define soil pollution exactly because different opinions exist on how to characterize a pollutant; while some consider the use of pesticides acceptable if their effect does not exceed the intended result, others do not consider any use of pesticides or even chemical fertilizers acceptable. However, soil pollution is also caused by means other than the direct addition of xenobiotic (man-made) chemicals such as agricultural runoff waters, industrial waste materials, acidic precipitates, and radioactive fallout.

CAUSES OF SOIL POLLUTION

INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES

AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES

WASTE DISPOSAL

ACCIDENTAL OIL SPILLS

ACID RAIN

INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES

Industrial activities have contributed the most in spoiling the land of India.Since the amount of mining and manufacturing has increased, the rate of soil pollution as per Indian servey has increased.Most of the industries are dependent on extracting the minerals from the Earth.Weather it is iron ore or coal, the by products are contaminated and they are not disposed off in a manner that can be considered safe.As a result, the soil is polluted and and become unsuitable for use.

AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES

Use of pesticides and fertilizers are common in fields for good growth of plants. But actually these pestices and ferlizers are chemicals which are used for good vegetable growth but it pollutes the soil.As a result, they seep under the soil and mix with water present in soil and reduce the fertility of soil. Plants absorb many of these insecticides and pesticides which is very baad for our health.These Agricultural activities results in the soil pollution.

WASTE DISPOSAL

Waste disposal is also contributing in soil pollution.The waste from factories and even the waste of the minor working units is helping in soil pollution.The waste from humans in the form of way or urine and feces.

While much of it moves into the sewer the system, there is also a large amount that is dumped directly into landfills in the form of diapers. Even the sewer system ends at the landfill, where the biological waste pollutes the soil and water. This is because our bodies are full of toxins and chemicals which are now seeping into the land and causing pollution of soil.

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ACCIDENTAL OIL SPILLS

During the storage of chemicals or transportation of chemicals,oil leeks can take place.This can be noticed at most of the fuel stations majorly in our country India.The chemicals present in these fuels are harmfull for soil and unsuitable for cultivation.As it results to the Soil Pollution.

ACID RAINS

When pollutants present in the Atmosphere, mix with the rain water and fall back on the ground.Then it is said to be acid rainfall. The polluted water disolves some of the nutrients from the soil and pollutes the soil.This is also the major cause of soil pollution.Acid rains also damages the plants and the crops as shown in the image.

In image, you can sea the damage of sugarcanes due to acid rains.

IN THIS POST I HAVE SHARED SOME INFORMATION ABOUT SOIL POLLUTION AND CAUSES OF SOIL POLLUTION. DO READ AND COMENTS YOUR VIEWS ABOUT THIS TOPIC. WILL BE BACK SOON WITH NEXT POST.

WATER POLLUTION AND CAUSES

WATER POLLUTION

Over two thirds of Earth's surface is covered by water; less than a third is taken up by land. As Earth's population continues to grow, people are putting ever-increasing pressure on the planet's water resources. In a sense, our oceans, rivers, and other inland waters are being "squeezed" by human activities—not so they take up less room, but so their quality is reduced. Poorer water quality means WATER POLLUTION.

CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION

SEWAGE
WASTE WATER
INDUSTRIAL WASTE
CHEMICAL WASTE
PLASTICS

SEWAGE

In country like INDIA,there is a large population. And sewage of the country is directly disposed in the rivers passing nearby the town or a city.so it is a mojor cause of water pollution

WASTE WATER

The waste water from the houses and the schools and the rain water which get mix with the acids or gases present in air also meets with the water in the rivers, which pollutes the whole river water and further it pollutes sea water.

INDUSTRIAL WASTE

Some industrial facilities generate ordinary domestic sewage that can be treated by municipal facilities. Industries that generate waste water with high concentrations of conventional pollutants (e.g. oil and grease), toxic pollutants (e.g. heavy metals, volatile organic compounds) or other non-conventional pollutants such as ammonia, need specialized treatment systems but no one is looking towards that. thus the polluted water from industries are released in the rivers causing WATER POLLUTION.

CHEMICAL WASTE

The chemicals, such as detergents or the chemicals used in factories or in any work is also disposed in the rivers.That chemicals are mixed with river water whithout any treatment. So the water pollution is taking place in this way also.

PLASTICS

In India, the problem of water pollution is very major.There is lack of drinking water just because of this increasing rate of water pollution.Plastic bags or plastic bottles are generally thrown in rivers or in the nali's flowing by the side of the roads.Its generally the habit of every Indian including me eating chips or any other eatables and throwing the wrapper on road or the passing by sewage aka nali in India.That polluted water with the plastics are released in rivers.It causes pollution of water and leads to lack of drinking water.

In this post i have discussed about water pollution and causes of water pollution. Do read and give your reviews in the coment box. will be back soon with next post.

Tuesday, 15 September 2015

AIR POLLUTION

Air pollution occurs when gases, dust particles, fumes (or smoke) or odour are introduced into the atmosphere in a way that makes it harmful to humans, animals and plant. This is because the air becomes dirty (contaminated or unclean).

CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION

SMOKE FROM INDUSTRIES

In industries,there are long tubes (called chimneys) erected high into the air, with lots of smoke and fumes coming out of it.They emit high levels of carbon monoxide, organic compounds, and chemicals into the air. This happens almost everywhere that people live. Petroleum refineries also release lots of hydrocarbons into the air.

BURNING OF FOSSIL FUELS

Burning of fossil fuel, is also the main cause of air pollution in India.As day by day, the traffic is increasing in cities. And even in small towns, every individual has its own mode of transport.MOre the traffic will be there, More will be the burning of fuels which leads to the air pollution.

POWER LINES

There are some power lines, which are not insulated and are of high voltage.They release some unwanted variations in the air which are very harmfull for humans.

RADIOACTIVE FALLOUT

Radioactive fallouts causes air pollution from the nuclear energy dispersed, which is a dust.it is also proved very harmfull for birds,animals and humans.

FERTILIZERS AND PESTICIDES

Fertilizers are commonly used in fields for the growth of plants or vegetables.The dust of these fertilizers also cause air pollution.PESTICIDES and INSECTICIDES used for killing pests and insects indoor or outdoor all cause air pollution.

INDOOR AIR POLLUTION

Smoke of cigratte in homes and smoke from the kitchen is also contributing in increase of air pollution in our country.